NETWORK TOPOLOGY
A Network topology is the arrangement with which computer system or network devices to each other are connected.
TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
1. Bus topology
2. Tree topology
3. Mesh topology
4. Point-to-point topology
5. Ring topology
6. Star topology
7. Hybrid topology
1. BUS TOPOLOGY:-
The bus topology is designed in such a way that all the station are connected through a single cable known as backbone cable.
* In case of the bus topology all devices share single communication line .
* It is one of the simple form of networking where a failure of a devices does not affects the other devices.
FEATURES OF THE BUS TOPOLOGY:-
* It transmits data only in one direction.
* Every devices is connected to a single cable.
ADVANTAGE OF BUS TOPOLOGY
1. It is cost effective.
2. it is easy to understand.
3. cable length required for this topology is the least compared to other network.
DISADVANTAGE OF BUS TOPOLOGY
1. cable has limited length.
2. it can be hard to troubleshoot individual device issues.
3. it can be difficult to identify the problems if the whole network goes down.
4. additional devices slow the network down.
5. there is limit on central cable length and number of nodes that can be connected.
6. it is suitable for network with heavy trafic.
2. RING TOPOLOGY
It is called ring topology because it forms a ring as each computer is connected to another computer with the last one connected to the first.
1. in ring topology each host machine connected to exactly two other machines creating a circular network structure.
2. in this topology, the data flows in one directions.
3. it has no terminated ends.
4. the data in a ring topology flow in a clockwise directions.
ADVANTAGE OF RING TOPOLOGY
1. even when the load on the network increases , its performance is better then that of bus topology.
2. its installation cost is very low.
3. it is more reliable network.
4. additional components do not affect the performance of network.
5. each computer has equal access to resources.
DISADVANTAGE OF RING TOPOLOGY
1. if one workstation or port goes down the entire network gets affected.
2. network is highly dependent on the wire which connects different components.
3. each pocket of data must pass through all the computers between source and destination . this makes it slower than star topology.
4. the breakdown in one station leads to the failure of the overall network.
3. TREE TOPOLOGY
1. it is also known as topology.
2. it has a root node and all other nodes are connected to it forming a hierarchy.
3. three topology combines the characterstics of bus topology and star topology.
4. the top most node in tree topology is known as a root node and all other nodes are the descendants of the root node.
5. in tree topology the whole network is divided into sigmants is known as star topology network which can be easily managed and maintained.
ADVANTAGE OF TREE TOPOLOGY
1. expension of networks is possible and easy.
2. error detection and correct is easy.
3. each segment is provided with dedicated point-to point using to the control hub.
4. if are segment is damaged , other segments are not affected.
5. easy manage and maintain.
DISADVANTAGE OF TREE TOPOLOGY
1. it is very costly .
2. if more nodes are added maintainance is difficult.
3. if central hub fails than network fails.
4. as more and more nodes and sigments are added the maintenance becomes difficult.
5. scalability of network depends on the types of cable used.
4.STAR TOPOLOGY
in this types of topology all the computer are connected to a single hub through a cable . this hub is the central node and all other nodes are connected to the central node.
1. this central node(hub) is the server and other nodes are the client.
2. star topology is the most popular topology in network implementation.
ADVANTAGE OF STAR TOPOLOGY
1. it is easily expandable as new stations can be added to the open parts on the hub.
2. it is cost effective as it uses in expensive coaxial cable.
3. easy to setup and modify.
4. hub can be upgraded easily.
5. centralized management it helps in monitoring the network.
6. failure of one node or link doesn't affect the rest of network. At the same time its easy to detect the failure and troubleshpoot it.
DISADVANTAGE OF STAR TOPOLOGY
1. if HUB fails then the whole network is stopped because all nodes are depend on the hub.
2. the use of HUB . a router is a switch as central device increases the overall cost of the network.
3. performance and as well number of nodes which can be added in such topology is depended on capacity of central device.
5.MESH TOPOLOGY
it is a point-to-point connection to mother nodes or devices . all the network nodes are connection to each other.
mesh topology is a two types.
1. partial mesh topology
2. fall mesh topology
ADVANTAGES OF MESH TOPOLOGY
1. data can be transmitted from different devices simultaniously.
2. even if one of the components fail there is always an alternative present. so data transfer doesn't get affected.
3. provide security and privacy.
4. communication is very fast between two nodes.
DISADVANTAGES OF MESH TOPOLOGY
1. installation and configuration is difficult.
2. there are high chances of redundancy in may of the network connections.
3. the internet is a example of mesh topology.
4. mesh topology is mainly used for WAN and wireless network.
5. it can be formed by using this formula.
number of cable =n*(n-1)/2
where n is the number of nodes that represents the network.
6. HYBRID TOPOLOGY
1. the combination of various different topology is known as hybrid topology.
2. a hybrid topology is a connection between different links and nodes to transfer the data.
3. internet is the best example of largest hybrid topology.
ADVANTAGE OF HYBRID TOPOLOGY
1. this topology is very flexible as it can be designed accordingly to the requirement of the organisation.
2. it is very effective.
DISADVANTAGE OF HYBRID TOPOLOGY
1. it is very difficult to design .
2. the hub used in the hybrid topology are the very expensive.
7. POINT-TO-POINT TOPOLOGY
point-to-point networks contains exactly two hosts such as computer switches or routers.
the receiving and of one host is connected to the sending ends of the other and vice versa.
by:- GAUTAM KUMAR PATEL
(TECH2GAUTAM)
TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
1. Bus topology
2. Tree topology
3. Mesh topology
4. Point-to-point topology
5. Ring topology
6. Star topology
7. Hybrid topology
1. BUS TOPOLOGY:-
The bus topology is designed in such a way that all the station are connected through a single cable known as backbone cable.
* In case of the bus topology all devices share single communication line .
* It is one of the simple form of networking where a failure of a devices does not affects the other devices.
FEATURES OF THE BUS TOPOLOGY:-
* It transmits data only in one direction.
* Every devices is connected to a single cable.
ADVANTAGE OF BUS TOPOLOGY
1. It is cost effective.
2. it is easy to understand.
3. cable length required for this topology is the least compared to other network.
DISADVANTAGE OF BUS TOPOLOGY
1. cable has limited length.
2. it can be hard to troubleshoot individual device issues.
3. it can be difficult to identify the problems if the whole network goes down.
4. additional devices slow the network down.
5. there is limit on central cable length and number of nodes that can be connected.
6. it is suitable for network with heavy trafic.
2. RING TOPOLOGY
It is called ring topology because it forms a ring as each computer is connected to another computer with the last one connected to the first.
1. in ring topology each host machine connected to exactly two other machines creating a circular network structure.
2. in this topology, the data flows in one directions.
3. it has no terminated ends.
4. the data in a ring topology flow in a clockwise directions.
ADVANTAGE OF RING TOPOLOGY
1. even when the load on the network increases , its performance is better then that of bus topology.
2. its installation cost is very low.
3. it is more reliable network.
4. additional components do not affect the performance of network.
5. each computer has equal access to resources.
DISADVANTAGE OF RING TOPOLOGY
1. if one workstation or port goes down the entire network gets affected.
2. network is highly dependent on the wire which connects different components.
3. each pocket of data must pass through all the computers between source and destination . this makes it slower than star topology.
4. the breakdown in one station leads to the failure of the overall network.
3. TREE TOPOLOGY
1. it is also known as topology.
2. it has a root node and all other nodes are connected to it forming a hierarchy.
3. three topology combines the characterstics of bus topology and star topology.
4. the top most node in tree topology is known as a root node and all other nodes are the descendants of the root node.
5. in tree topology the whole network is divided into sigmants is known as star topology network which can be easily managed and maintained.
ADVANTAGE OF TREE TOPOLOGY
1. expension of networks is possible and easy.
2. error detection and correct is easy.
3. each segment is provided with dedicated point-to point using to the control hub.
4. if are segment is damaged , other segments are not affected.
5. easy manage and maintain.
DISADVANTAGE OF TREE TOPOLOGY
1. it is very costly .
2. if more nodes are added maintainance is difficult.
3. if central hub fails than network fails.
4. as more and more nodes and sigments are added the maintenance becomes difficult.
5. scalability of network depends on the types of cable used.
4.STAR TOPOLOGY
in this types of topology all the computer are connected to a single hub through a cable . this hub is the central node and all other nodes are connected to the central node.
1. this central node(hub) is the server and other nodes are the client.
2. star topology is the most popular topology in network implementation.
ADVANTAGE OF STAR TOPOLOGY
1. it is easily expandable as new stations can be added to the open parts on the hub.
2. it is cost effective as it uses in expensive coaxial cable.
3. easy to setup and modify.
4. hub can be upgraded easily.
5. centralized management it helps in monitoring the network.
6. failure of one node or link doesn't affect the rest of network. At the same time its easy to detect the failure and troubleshpoot it.
DISADVANTAGE OF STAR TOPOLOGY
1. if HUB fails then the whole network is stopped because all nodes are depend on the hub.
2. the use of HUB . a router is a switch as central device increases the overall cost of the network.
3. performance and as well number of nodes which can be added in such topology is depended on capacity of central device.
5.MESH TOPOLOGY
it is a point-to-point connection to mother nodes or devices . all the network nodes are connection to each other.
mesh topology is a two types.
1. partial mesh topology
2. fall mesh topology
ADVANTAGES OF MESH TOPOLOGY
1. data can be transmitted from different devices simultaniously.
2. even if one of the components fail there is always an alternative present. so data transfer doesn't get affected.
3. provide security and privacy.
4. communication is very fast between two nodes.
DISADVANTAGES OF MESH TOPOLOGY
1. installation and configuration is difficult.
2. there are high chances of redundancy in may of the network connections.
3. the internet is a example of mesh topology.
4. mesh topology is mainly used for WAN and wireless network.
5. it can be formed by using this formula.
number of cable =n*(n-1)/2
where n is the number of nodes that represents the network.
6. HYBRID TOPOLOGY
1. the combination of various different topology is known as hybrid topology.
2. a hybrid topology is a connection between different links and nodes to transfer the data.
3. internet is the best example of largest hybrid topology.
ADVANTAGE OF HYBRID TOPOLOGY
1. this topology is very flexible as it can be designed accordingly to the requirement of the organisation.
2. it is very effective.
DISADVANTAGE OF HYBRID TOPOLOGY
1. it is very difficult to design .
2. the hub used in the hybrid topology are the very expensive.
7. POINT-TO-POINT TOPOLOGY
point-to-point networks contains exactly two hosts such as computer switches or routers.
the receiving and of one host is connected to the sending ends of the other and vice versa.
by:- GAUTAM KUMAR PATEL
(TECH2GAUTAM)